The summation analytics of your own husband’s and you will wife’s socioeconomic properties, relationships costs, and you can wife’s empowerment is actually exhibited from inside the Table step one

step three.2 Relationship means

Column (1) profile the data to your complete sample, and you may line (2) accounts them on subsample, i.elizabeth., spouses who have one or more cousin and another brother. This new sumple is reported since the probably the most shorter-function quote which have a couple of wedding expenses repaid into the wife’s sisters and you can brothers because of the the particular into the-laws and regulations could only getting presented with the subsample. An average age husbands was 40.six ages. Husbands, an average of, done no. 1 education (5 years), and you can 56% ones are literate. The typical chronilogical age of spouses is thirty five.8 ages. Spouses, typically, don’t done primee domiciles account fully for twenty-seven% out-of complete house surveyed. The typical size of farming belongings for every home is actually 3.24 miles, having nearly 40% away from households are landless. Footnote 11 For 39% of one’s wives, their birth town is the same as regarding its husbands, 66% of those are hitched so you’re able to an aunt, and 17% is actually hitched from inside the watta satta (bride change, otherwise virtually, “give–take”). Footnote a dozen Each one of these try book features of relationships inside Punjab, Pakistan. Alternatively, the fresh northwestern element of India, also Indian Punjab, might have been usually known for hypergamy, in which spouses was y contrasts that have endogamy and relative y while the one or two group arranging watta satta cannot commercially to see hypergamy within exact same big date, consequently they are probably are in the exact same personal group and you will financial reputation. Wife’s natal family members’ house income during the time of relationships try PKR 171,695 Footnote 13 an average of. It had been answered retrospectively from the wife which is, thus, more than likely subject to bear in mind problems like the ones that are on the number of private dowry or any other matrimony costs, in the event earnings is easier for respondents to help you recall compared with a personal dowry composed of certain factors. We used equivalent operate to reduce survey keep in mind problems.

Dining table step 1 Summary statistics

The original part of the questionnaire asks husbands about their ount. Because dowry known to help you include individuals products which allow an earlier pair to start its marriage shortly after wedding, i inquired about the value of each goods when you look at the dowry. The genuine question is “Basically, in the region, for children particularly yours, what’s the approximate value of for every goods considering as dowry in the course of brand new daughter’s matrimony?” We clearly asked about dowry once the seen in the people, or jati (= sub-caste), while the our company is finding the practice of dowry itself while the better because individual amount of dowry the parents reduced. Its solution to the question regarding the dowry locally are planning convey exact factual statements about dowry strategies. Their respond might report simply how much they will pay money for for each items if they are currently undergoing getting an effective dowry to their child. Anyway, the answer has a tendency to offer much more real tips on itemized worth of dowry. Allegedly, recalling every item of their private dowries from 10 years in the past is tough. The following area of the survey requires wives regarding their personal dowries or any other matrimony expenses, we.elizabeth., “Simply how much dowry (bride-to-be speed) did your mother and Portugisisk kvinner for ekteskap father (in-laws) render during the time of their ounts are used in the main empirical study. The fresh correlation coefficient amongst the individual dowry number and you may neighborhood-mainly based dowry number is 0.65 (Fig. 3). The city-established dowry number is higher than the personal dowry number paid back of the wives’ moms and dads, that isn’t surprising considering the so-called increasing pattern regarding real number of dowry.